An irreversible port-Hamiltonian model for a class of piezoelectric actuators

An irreversible port-Hamiltonian system formulation of a class piezoelectric actuator with non-negligible entropy increase is proposed. The proposed model encompasses the hysteresis and thermodynamic changes due to mechanical friction, electrical resistance heat exchange between environment. electromechanical dynamic modeled using non-linear resistive-capacitive-inductor circuit coupled mass-spring-damper system, while characterized hysterons. behavior constructed by making coupling temperature dependent, characterizing produced phenomena. By means numerical simulations it shown that capable reproducing expected behaviors in line reported experimental results.